Solution Summary: Job Hazard Analysis
Job hazard analysis (JHA), also known as job safety analysis and activity hazard analysis, is a process in construction project planning that aims to proactively identify the steps in a task, assess the risk level of each step, and assign appropriate action to control the risk.
Description:
Job hazard analysis (JHA), also known as job safety analysis and activity hazard analysis, is a process in construction project planning that aims to proactively identify the steps in a task, assess the risk level of each step, and assign appropriate action to control the risk.
JHA is an integral component of construction safety programs. It is intended to identify and address the existing or potential safety and health hazards associated with each step of work via recommended corrective actions and procedures (figure 1). Through this process, construction hazards can be reduced or eliminated.
Figure 1. Workers partaking in a JHA meeting. (Photo courtesy of CPWR)
JHA documents (figure 2) are typically developed by management teams and used by frontline
supervisors and work crews prior to a work shift as well as whenever the task or work conditions change. JHA documentation can be developed and delivered in traditional paper forms, technological means (via device application) or a combination. In this context, the JHA document is a logging record that highlights potential hazards associated with the task and the controls in place to mitigate them.
Figure 2. Example of a JHA document (Photo courtesy of CPWR)
While the content of JHA documents can vary across the industry, the primary components include the 1) work activity broken down into steps, 2) its associated hazards and 3) recommended controls to reduce or eliminate the hazards. Other JHA informational components can include: instructions on how to conduct JHA, a risks assessment matrix, photos or other visual representations, and referential federal or consensus standards.
Risks Addressed:
The risks addressed is dependent upon the identified potential hazards associated with the work being performed during JHA processes. These hazards include: (but are not limited to) falls, musculoskeletal injuries and illnesses, welding hazards, dust and chemical exposures as well as any form of struck-by injuries.
How Risks are Reduced:
Through thorough assessments, JHA processes can improve health and safety through preliminary hazard identification and assignment of corresponding hazard interventions. Interventions can include the recommendation of elimination or substitution practices, engineering and administrative controls, as well as personal protective equipment.
Contributors:
Jean Christophe Le, MPH - CPWR The Center for Construction Research and Training
Sara Brooks, MPH - CPWR - The Center for Construction Research and Training
Hazards Addressed:
- General Labor
- Brace and assemble temporary structures
- Clear, prepare and fence construction sites
- Compact earth
- Construct and remove sidewalk forms
- Erect and dismantle scaffolds
- Identify, control and remove hazardous materials
- Inspect and use mechanical lifts
- Inspect and use scaffolds and ladders
- Install traffic control markers, barricades and maintain traffic patterns
- Jackhammer rock and concrete surfaces
- Load, unload and distribute construction materials
- Operate concrete mixers, pumps and fire proofing sprayers
- Operate earth boring machines
- Operate pavement cutters and concrete grinders
- Pave and patch concrete and asphalt
- Perform housekeeping
- Perform manual demolition
- Position and join sewer, water and storm drains
- Prepare ground and install landscaping
- Prepare surfaces with hand tools
- Remove commercial carpet
- Rig, load and transport construction debris
- Use power tools on aerial lifts
Availability
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA)
Guideline for employers, foremen, and supervisors as well as employees to analyze their own jobs and recognize workplace hazards. It explains what a job hazard analysis is and offers guidelines to conduct step-by-step analysis.
Job Hazard Analysis OSHA 3071
The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
To obtain information, visit Implementing a Job Hazard Analysis Program
Related Safety Solutions
Administrative control
- Building Information Modeling (BIM) for Safety Planning
- Cold Stress Prevention Program
- Last Planner® System
- Lean Construction
- Enhanced Video Analysis of Dust Exposures (EVADE) Software Program
- Geospatial Augmented Reality System
- Construction Safety and Health Virtual Reality Training
- Real-time Monitoring Through A Connected Jobsite Platform
- Incorporating Horizontal Round Grab Bars on Fixed Ladders for Three-point Control
- Arm Immersion Cooling System
- Heat Stress Program
- Hand-held XRF Gun for Lead Testing
- Lead Safety and Compliance Program
- Participatory Ergonomics Program
- Safe Worksite Layout
- Half-Size Pallets for Brick and Block
- Wearable Devices for Monitoring Ergonomic Risks
- Audiometric Testing
- Buy Quiet
- NIOSH Sound Level Meter Mobile Application
- Hearing Conservation Program
- Portable Hand Washing Station
- Rumble Strips
- Temporary Traffic Control Devices
- Truck-mounted Attenuator
Engineering control
- Space Heaters, Shelters and Hand Warmers
- Shoring Equipment for Trenching
- Trench Boxes
- Add-on Wet Dust Suppression Systems for Rock Crushers
- Highway Milling Machines with Wet Dust Suppression
- Hand-held Concrete Scarifiers or Milling Machines with Vacuum Dust Control
- Highway Sweepers with Wet Dust Suppression
- Vacuum Lifting Systems for Concrete Slabs and Heavy Objects
- Walk-behind milling machines or scarifiers with vacuum dust control
- Add-on Wet Dust Suppression Systems for Jackhammers
- Jackhammer Shroud and Vacuum Dust Control
- Walk-Behind Masonry Saw with Vacuum Dust Control
- Walk-Behind Masonry Saws with Wet Dust Suppression
- Sequential Nail Guns
- Shoulder Carrying Pad
- Portable Lift Platforms
- Access Deck for Scissor Lift
- Mobile Anchor System
- Installing Permanent Tie-in Anchor Systems During the Design Phase
- Ladder Handrail Extension System
- Ladder Leveler
- Ladder Rung Step
- Ladder Safety Base System
- Ladder Safety Mobile Application
- Hand Jackhammer
- User Vibration Protection
- Ergonomic Hand Tools
- Reduced Vibration Power Tools
- Tool Handle Wraps
- Vibration Dampening Jackhammer
- Large Striking Cap Chisels
- Real-time Physiological Monitoring For Heat Strain in Workers
- Tents and Shade Canopies
- Kneeling Creepers
- Kneeling Mats
- Motorized Concrete Screeds
- Stake or Post Puller
- Demolition Bars
- Lead Encapsulating Compounds
- Needle Guns and Needle Scalers with Vacuum Dust Control
- Portable Storage Utility Cart
- Ladder Transport Cart
- Jackhammer Lift Assist
- Air Manipulator Hoist
- Carpet Dolly
- Handtruck with Mechanical Lift Platforms
- Hitch Step
- Portable Manual Hoist and Puller
- Portable Mortar Tub Cart
- Powered (Concrete) Buggy
- Powered Hand Trucks
- Powered Wheelbarrow
- Tailgate Lift Assist
- Toilet Dolly
- Towable Material Lift
- Trailer Hitch Crank Lift
- Truck-bed Unloader
- Portable Dumpster Dolly
- Noise Barriers and Enclosures
- Quieter Jackhammers
- Quieter Rollers
- Adjustable Work Stand
- Upper Limb Exoskeletons
- Ergonomic Tool Belts
- Standing Fastening Tool
- Powered Carpet Puller
- Standing Carpet Cutter
- Standing Floor Edge Sander
- Tool-balancing Arms
- Bucket Handle Cover
- Extracting Pliers
- Hand-held Rotary Bristle Power Tool
- Powered Paint Remover
- Ergonomic Hand Sanding Blocks
- Compact Circular Saw
- Panel Gripper
- Manual Materials Shear
- Palm Nailer
- Work Zone Lighting
- Movable Longitudinal Barriers
- Temporary Longitudinal Barriers
Personal Protective Equipment
- Protective Clothing and Equipment for Cold-Related Injuries and Illnesses
- Respiratory Protection Program
- Using an Air-Purifying Respirator (APR)
- Respiratory Protection with an Assigned Protection Factor (APF) of 10
- Safety Eye Protection
- Personal Fall Arrest Systems
- Personal Fall Restraint Systems
- Anti-Vibration Gloves
- Cooling Clothing and Personal Protective Equipment
- Knee Pads
- Electronic Level-Dependent Hearing Protectors
- Hearing Protectors with Phone Connectivity
- Non-electronic Level-dependent Hearing Protectors
- Using Hearing Protectors
- High-Visibility Safety Apparel
- Illumination Ring for Hard Hats
Work practice
- Safe Work Practices When Using Portable Generators
- Using Cable-Locating Device
- Proper Ladder Selection
- Two-Mason Lift Technique
- Noise Control Strategies
- Protecting Your Skin from Solvents, Adhesives and Other Chemicals
- Protecting Your Skin from Epoxy Resin Systems
- Good Work Practices for Working with Cement
